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Search results for: โ€œgasโ€

  • Coal-to-gas switching: what CO2 abatement cost?

    Coal-to-gas switching: what CO2 abatement cost?

    Coal-to-gas switching halves the CO2 emissions per unit of primary energy. This data-file estimates the CO2 abatement costs. Gas is often more expensive than coal. But as a rule of thumb, a $30-60/ton CO2 price makes $6-8/mcf gas competitive with $60-80/ton coal. CO2 abatement costs are materially lower in the US and after reflecting efficiency.…

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  • Gas turbines: operating parameters?

    Gas turbines: operating parameters?

    A typical simple-cycle gas turbine is sized at 200MW, and achieves 38% efficiency, as super-heated gases at 1,250ยบC temperature and 100-bar pressure expand and drive a turbine. Efficiency rises to 58% in a combined cycle. The purpose of this data-file is to tabulate typical operating parameters of gas turbines.

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  • Gas power: levelized costs of combined cycle gas turbines?

    Gas power: levelized costs of combined cycle gas turbines?

    Levelized costs of combined cycle gas turbines are built up in this data-file. Our base case costs of gas-fired power generation are 8c/kWh, at a combined cycle turbine converting 55% of the thermal energy of natural gas into electrical energy, for a total CO2 intensity of 0.35 kg/kWh.

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  • Gas fractionation: NGL economics?

    Gas fractionation: NGL economics?

    Gas fractionation separates out methane from NGLs such as ethane, propane and butane. A full separation uses up almost 1% of the input gas energy and 4% of the NGL energy. The costs of gas fractionation require a gas processing spread of $0.7/mcf for a 10% IRR off $2/mcf input gas, or in turn, an…

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  • Gas distribution: loss rates, leakage, unaccounted gas?

    Gas distribution: loss rates, leakage, unaccounted gas?

    1-4% of all the gas that flows into downstream gas distribution networks may fail to be metered and monetized. Stated leakage rates are usually around 0.5%, but could be higher. This data-file aggregates data from Eurostat and the UK’s Joint Office of Gas Transporters.

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  • US gas transmission: by company and by pipeline?

    US gas transmission: by company and by pipeline?

    This data-file aggregates granular data into US gas transmission, by company and by pipeline, for 40 major US gas pipelines which transport 45TCF of gas per annum across 185,000 miles; and for 3,200 compressors at 640 related compressor stations.

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  • Solar+gas LCOEs versus standalone gas turbines?

    Solar+gas LCOEs versus standalone gas turbines?

    Levelized costs of electricity depend as much on the system being electrified as the energy sources used to electrify it. This data-file captures solar+gas LCOEs (in c/kWh), when meeting different load profiles, as a function of solar capex (in $/kW), gas prices (in $/mcf), and the relative utilization of solar vs gas.

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  • European gas and power model: natural gas supply-demand?

    European gas and power model: natural gas supply-demand?

    European gas and power markets will look better-supplied than they truly are in 2023-24. A dozen key input variables can be stress-tested in the data-file. Overall, we think Europe will need to source over 15bcfd of LNG through 2030, especially US LNG.

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  • Methane slip: how much gas evades combustion?

    Methane slip: how much gas evades combustion?

    Methane slip occurs when a small portion of natural gas fails to combust, and instead escapes into the atmosphere. This data-file reviews different technical papers. Methane slip is effectively nil at gas turbines and gas heating (less than 0.1%). It rises to 0.5-3% in cookstoves and some dual-fuel marine engines. However, the highest rate of…

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  • Global gas turbines by region and over time?

    Global gas turbines by region and over time?

    Global gas turbine additions averaged 50 GW pa over the decade from 2015-2024, of which the US was 20%, Europe was 10%, Asia was 50%, LatAm was 10% and Africa was 10%. Yet global gas turbine additions could double to 100 GW pa in 2025-30. This data-file estimates global gas turbine capacity by region and…

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