Hydrogen: overview and conclusions?
…LNG (!) because of logistical issues. The costs of hydrogen transport will be 2-10x higher than comparable gas value chains, while up to 50% of the embedded energy may be…
Thermodynamics of CO2 at different temperatures and pressures?
…is plotted below. Liquefied CO2 will be in the range of 1,000-1,200kg/m3, which is over 2x more dense than LNG. Moreover, the density of heated CO2 at 300-bar and 600C…
Flaring reduction: screen of service and equipment companies?
…the well site then requires compressors, pipelines, small-scale LNG, CNG or using gas in basin, e.g., for dual-fuel rigs or frac services or in-basin power generation. Sometimes it is not…
Flaring reduction: fire extinguishers?
…at $70bn upstream, and $50bn in LNG liquefaction facilities, and pulling on an extremely broad array of sub-industries, from compressors to pipelines to new technologies. We have screened examples of…
Offshore vessels: fuel consumption?
…semi-subs. Elsewhere in our shipping research, we see the typical fuel consumption of a large container ship at 1400bpd, a bulk tanker at 420bpd and a LNG carrier at 270bpd….
Blue ammonia: options strategy?
…in the production and distribution of blue ammonia. CO2 abatement costs are calculated versus oil products, coal, gas and LNG on page 6. We argue this is more of an…
Bulk shipping: cost breakdown?
…costs. Our flue gas desulfurization (scrubber) model is linked here. Costs can also be compared to our models of container shipping, LNG shipping, and CO2 shipping. Leading companies in bulk…
Aluminium producers: company screen?
…heat recovery at power plants or the cryogenics behind ASUs and LNG. This hinges on aluminium’s materials properties. It is 70% lighter than copper, and about 70% more economical, despite…
Industrial gases: out of thin air?
…underpins fridges, air conditioners, heat pumps, LNG and industrial gases. Industrial gases comprise a market worth c$100bn per year, including 400MTpa of oxygen. And a surprisingly large number of metals,…
Energy technologies: the pace of progress?
…as natural gas, LNG and nature-based solutions? Page 12 of the report is a five-point framework, which we have based on our findings in the report and our experiences over…