CO2 intensity of materials: an overview?
…value chains that truly are CO2 intensive (i.e., emissions are above 20 tons/ton or even 100 tons/ton). This includes PV silicon and silver for solar panels; carbon fiber and rare…
HJT solar: Indium summer?
…conductive thin films (ITO). Our forecasts see primary Indium use rising 4x by 2050. Indium is 100x rarer than Rare Earth metals. It could be a bottleneck. This 16-page note…
HJT solar: Indium summer?
…Our forecasts see primary Indium demand rising 4x by 2050. Indium is 100x rarer than Rare Earth metals. It could be a bottleneck. This 16-page note explores the costs and…
Solvay: lithium ion battery binders and additives?
…Chemicals business produces soda-ash, peroxides, silica, et al; and its Solutions business produces specialty chemicals, aromas, coatings, Rare Earths, mining solutions and battery recycling. For the energy transition, Solvay is…
MOSFETs: energy use and power loss calculator?
…at low-medium voltage then using transformers to step up the power for transmission; or conversely using transformers to step down the voltage for manipulation via power electronics modules. https://thundersaidenergy.com/2021/08/19/transformers-rise-of-the-beasts/ https://thundersaidenergy.com/downloads/wind-turbine-generators-dfigs-or-rare-earth-magnets/…
Thermodynamics of prime movers: energy from first principles?
…our overview of electro-magnetism (below). Strictly, Rare Earth magnets are best, for electric vehicles and in wind turbines. And improved semi-conductors can also optimize the performance of motors that comprise…
Electric vehicle: battery life?
…polymers) and Rare Earth permanent magnets. All of these considerations make us think lithium ion batteries are likely to remain the incumbent solution for electric vehicles, ramping rapidly for passenger…
Arms race: defence versus decarbonization?
…transition become the very hungry caterpillar, encompassing $15trn of market cap across a dozen sectors. Including defence. For example, we have written on super-alloys, Rare Earths and carbon fiber. And…
Global vehicle fleet: vehicle sales and electrification by region?
…for key materials used in batteries, motors and traction inverters, such as lithium, fluorinated polymers, battery-grade nickel, graphite, copper, Rare Earth Metals and SiC. Retirement rates of vehicles depend on…
Our Top Technologies for IMO 2020
So far we have reviewed 400 patents in the downstream oil and gas industry (ex-chemicals). A rare few prompted an excited thought — “that could be really useful when IMO…