Scaling Up Renewables and Batteries
This model aims to calculate the average costs and the incentive prices required to scale up renewables in a typical developed world grid, from 25% to 40%, then to 50%,…
Decarbonized power: how much wind and solar fit the optimal grid?
…the grid, including curtailment, negative power pricing and financing difficulties. Pages 7-9 quantify and explain how much curtailment will take place in a typical grid as renewables scale from 25%…
Pipeline costs: moving oil, products or other liquids?
Pipeline costs are modeled in this data-file. $1/bbl is needed to move oil, oil products and other liquid commodities around 500 km at Mbpd scale, and the energy requirements are…
Carbon offsets: ocean iron fertilization?
…fertilization, based on technical papers. While the best studies indicate a vast opportunity, uncertainty remains high: on CO2 absorption, sequestration, scale, cost and side-effects. Unhelpfully, research has stalled due to…
CO2-EOR: well disposed?
CO2-EOR is the most attractive option for large-scale CO2 disposal. Unlike CCS, which costs over $70/ton, additional oil revenues can cover the costs of sequestration. And the resultant oil is…
Offshore offsets: nature based solutions in the ocean?
…CO2 sequestration mechanisms. World-scale potential as a carbon sink is outlined on pages 9-10, including the possibility of decarbonizing the world. Commercialization is under way, across 30MTpa of seaweed and…
Carbios: plastic recycling breakthrough?
…attracted partnerships with Nestle and PepsiCo. In November-2020, Carbios produced the first clear bottles containing 100% recycled PTA from textile waste, without downcycling, at lab scale. The first full-scale plant…
Switching gears: the most potent GHG in the world?
…a possible solution, please see below. https://thundersaidenergy.com/2021/09/16/power-grids-tenet/ https://thundersaidenergy.com/downloads/synchronous-condensers-the-economics/ Another crucial theme is switchgear, which you can think of as the industrial-scale equivalent of the circuit-breakers and light switches in your…
Green steel: circular reference?
…full-scale switch to green hydrogen in a Direct Reduced Iron + Electric Arc Furnace plant configuration. We would see costs doubling, but c85-90% of the CO2 can be removed (page…
Renewables: can they ramp up faster?
…to scale up renewables about 5x faster, adding 1TW pa of new wind and solar capacity each year (page 2). Capex is the first bottleneck, as our scenario would require…