Electric arc furnaces for lower-carbon steel production?
Electric arc furnaces generate enormous amounts of heat as very high voltages cause the electric decomposition of air into plasma. This heat can be used to melt down and recycle…
Steel production: costs and energy economics?
…is interesting to compare and contrast the economics, and decarbonization options for blast furnace steel with direct reduced iron and electric arc furnace steel. All of our steel research is…
Direct reduced iron: costs and projects?
…and CO2. The product can later be upgraded into steel in an electric arc furnace. Leading DRI technologies include Midrex and Tenova HYL, and the data-file contains a database of…
Blue steel: construction boom?
…of H2 and CO derived from natural gas. The DRI is then flowed through to an electric arc furnace (page 7). Costs of DRI+EAF steel are competitive with blast furnace…
Demand shifting: electrical flexibility by industry?
…plants, industrial gas production, electric arc furnaces, aluminium, chlor-alkali, polymers, paper, silicon, sulphur, glass, hydrofluoric acid, small-scale hydrogen and hydrogen cyanide. A best to worst ranking depends on the technical…
Carbon accounting: philosophical investigations?
…a single giant furnace in Texas, and then ask the company why it can’t simply tell us how much CO2 is being emitted out of its furnace. But the reality…
Green steel: circular reference?
…full-scale switch to green hydrogen in a Direct Reduced Iron + Electric Arc Furnace plant configuration. We would see costs doubling, but c85-90% of the CO2 can be removed (page…
Industrial materials: thermodynamic efficiency?
…chains that yield glass, solar panels and semiconductors. For the latter two applications, silica might be reduced into silicon ‘metal’ in an electric arc furnace. And overall, we think this…
Phosphoric acid production costs?
…contain high quantities of phosphates, with limited carbonates, MgO, Fe2O3, Al2O3. There is also a dry process, which can run lower-grade ores, by effectively smelting them in an electric arc…
Switching gears: the most potent GHG in the world?
…form an ‘electric arc’, which is like an electrical lightning bolt, whose core can reach 20,000◦C. For some slightly mesmerizing videos of electric arcs in primary power distribution, see below….