the research consultancy for energy technologies
…also requires overcoming bottlenecks in lithium, fluorinated polymers, battery-grade nickel, graphite, copper, Rare Earth Metals and SiC. Mechanically, you can also multiply the number of vehicles discussed in this note…
…thermally reducing Fe2O3 in iron ore reduction for steel. On the other hand, the industrial processes needed to produce battery materials, lithium, nickel, PGMs are an order of magnitude more…
…zirconias, such as yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) although Bloom also uses scandia-stabilized zirconia (SSZ or ScSZ). The anode is commonly made of nickel-YSZ cermet. The cathode is often Lanthanum Strontium Manganite…
…require specialized nickel steel and insulation. Costs are also 2-3x higher for very small tanks (below 10m3, lacking economies of scale) or very large tanks (on the magnitude of 100,000m3,…
…US E&P, US refining, Western coal, LNG shipping. Mining sectors covered include aluminium, copper, cobalt, lithium, nickel, uranium, silica and silver. Correlation between market concentration and operating margins in energy…
…Magnets, Manganese, Neodymium, Nickel, Palladium, Paper, PCB, Pegoterate, Phenol polymer, Pigment Black 28, Polybutyl Terephthalate, Polycarbonate, Polycarbonate Acrylonitrile, Polycarbonates, Polyimides, Polymers, Polyurethanes, Proprietary, PVC, Silica, Silicon, Silver, Sodium Oxide, Solder,…
…explosive. There are good innovations to address these challenges. Electrolyser innovations are also found in the patents. Two innovations stand out in particular. One is a nickel mesh, disposed between…
…fluorinated polymers and battery-grade nickel; then graphite and copper. We are less worried about cobalt. Our best data-file into materials used in a lithium ion battery, and their costs, is…
…going to think about lithium, and then maybe secondarily graphite or nickel. Fluorinated polymers are lower on the bill of materials. Yet they are crucial to producing solar panels (page…
…in recessions? Commodities assessed in the data-file include oil, natural gas, coal, corn, iron ore (precursor to steel), aluminium, copper, zinc, nickel, platinum, silver and gold. Recessions assessed in the…