CO2 intensity of materials: an overview?
…value chains that truly are CO2 intensive (i.e., emissions are above 20 tons/ton or even 100 tons/ton). This includes PV silicon and silver for solar panels; carbon fiber and rare…
Power grids: opportunities in the energy transition?
…But we are more worried about bottlenecks in copper (where total global demand trebles) and silver. (8) Transformers and specialized switchgear are needed to step the voltage up or down…
TOPCon: maverick?
…use than today’s PERC cells. This 13-page note reviews TOPCon cells, which will take some sting out of solar re-inflation, tighten silver bottlenecks and may further entrench China’s solar giants….
Mining: crushing, grinding and comminution costs?
…spanning across the gold, silver, iron, copper and limestone quarrying industries (see the ‘capex’ tab). Our energy intensity estimates are informed by mine disclosures and technical papers, but we have…
Fluorinated polymers: flying under the radar?
…and maybe secondarily silver. When you think about wind, you are primarily going to think about glass fiber, and maybe secondarily resins. When you think about batteries, you are primarily…
How do commodities perform during recessions?
…in recessions? Commodities assessed in the data-file include oil, natural gas, coal, corn, iron ore (precursor to steel), aluminium, copper, zinc, nickel, platinum, silver and gold. Recessions assessed in the…
Heap leaching: energy economics?
This data-file captures the energy economics of leaching processes in the mining industry, especially the costs of heap leaching, for the extraction of copper, nickel, gold, silver, other precious metals,…
Runaway train: energy, interest rates and inflation?
…more materials becomes harder. Unfortunately solar panels do not grow on trees. Building more solar requires building more PV silicon, or silver, or copper production facilities. These are also capital…