Biomass power: costs, levelized costs and BECCS?
…to earn a 10% IRR on a pellet mill with a capex of $80/Tpa. Economics are also sensitive to energy prices due to the energy consumption of drying wet biomass…
Bio-engineer plants to absorb more CO2?
…3GTpa. For contrast, total anthropogenic carbon emissions are 12GTpa. It follows that small changes in the natural carbon cycle could materially shift carbon balances, per our climate model below. https://thundersaidenergy.com/downloads/net-zero-an-energy-climate-model-for-2-degrees/…
Costs of climate change: a paradox?
…These issues are explored on pages 11-12. What does it mean? Thunder Said Energy is a research consultancy focused upon economic opportunities that can drive the energy transition. There is…
China: can the factory of the world decarbonize?
…industrial complex consumes more energy than the entire USA. China’s textile manufacturing industry alone consumes more energy than the entire power grid of Spain. We provide data by major sector…
Carbon accounting: philosophical investigations?
…accounting (below). https://thundersaidenergy.com/2021/03/25/renewable-energy-certificates-offset-versus-offset/ Scope 1 emissions are also debatable, for example, where Scope 1 emissions sources are only inferred, not measured directly. For example, we estimate that 2% of all…
Carbon offset funds: the future of ESG?
…theme could be organizations that vet economical carbon removal solutions and sell this service onwards, or Energy Majors that commercialize ‘zero carbon energy’ by combining nature based solutions with their…
Neodymium market: our top ten facts?
…chains that have crossed our screen, such as lithium, uranium or copper, and similar models could be translated across. https://thundersaidenergy.com/2021/07/15/lithium-reactive/ https://thundersaidenergy.com/downloads/uranium-mining-the-economics/ https://thundersaidenergy.com/downloads/copper-the-economics/ https://thundersaidenergy.com/downloads/energy-costs-of-mining-processes/ https://thundersaidenergy.com/downloads/mine-trucks-transport-economics/ (7) Where is it produced? Output…
Residential solar plus batteries: granular data from Australia?
…conclusions into solar in the energy transition, power grids and energy storage. Any sales proceeds from this download will be donated to nature-based CO2 removals projects, reflecting the generosity of…
Oil and War: ten conclusions from WWII?
…for a well-functioning energy industry. Energy availability has a historical habit of determining the course of wars. End note. The world’s best history book has provided the majority of…
Global wood production: supply by country by year?
…in 2020. Overall, wood energy has declined from 11% of the world’s primary energy mix in 1960 to c4% today. However, it remains stubbornly high in less developed countries (e.g.,…