the research consultancy for energy technologies
…also tabulated in the superconductor screen, in $/kVA, $/km and $/kVA-km (materially more costly than today’s transmission lines, but sometimes competitive with today’s distribution lines). For more details see the…
…AC transmission lines, or possibly even HVDCs. This turns out to be the most costly option and has the highest lead-time. Capex costs (in $M/km), total costs (in c/kWh) and…
…in long-distance power transmission, decarbonized gas, next-gen nuclear; fully decarbonizing future grids while keeping costs below 10-20c/kWh. (7) Density will improve, but not enough for mass deployment of battery trucks,…
…energy. If this energy is going to be harnessed for useful work, then there may also be small additional losses for important power electronics, transformers and power transmission. What determines…
…at the highest voltage, for ultra-long distance transmission. Smaller generation sources. We have recently written about opportunities in landfill gas, fuel cells, geothermal, and biomass power. But per the charts above,…
…into the vessel days per turbine, and the fuel consumption of different vessels. Our bottom-up estimates for wind power EROEI also captured power transmission, curtailment considerations and maintenance requirements. The…
…40MW solar project itself!) where the asset owner was asked to contribute an eye-watering c$50M to cover the costs of upgrading 500km of high-voltage transmission lines downstream of the inter-connection…
This data-file aggregates the costs of STATCOMs and SVCs. At the risk of drowning you in acronyms, these are all FACTS, Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System components. STATCOMs are Static…
…grids, replacing spinning generators, then they will increasingly need to produce their own reactive power (page 8). FACTS = Flexible AC Transmission Systems. We review different options for renewables to…
…transmission lines or in rigid conductors behind the back contact of solar panels. Battery metals are 5-10x more resistive, and graphite is 200x more resistive, than the excellent conductors discussed…