Energy storage: top conclusions into batteries?
…in our pumped hydro model, other battery models. So we do not think long term storage (via batteries or hydrogen) will ever come into the money. We see more opportunity…
Prime movers: efficiency of power generation over time?
…Betz Limit and Shockley-Queisser limit, respectively). There is a paradox about many energy transition technologies. Long-term battery storage and green hydrogen would depart quite markedly from the historical trend of…
Energy efficiency: a riddle, in a mystery, in an enigma?
…above 60% in 2050 in our roadmap to net zero. However, many transition technologies, especially hydrogen value chains, have round-trip efficiencies well below the global average. How can you increase…
Selective catalytic reduction: costs of NOx removal?
…here). High adiabatic flame temperatures of hydrogen will also form NOx. Meanwhile, using low-carbon ammonia as a fuel may release higher-than-normal NOx emissions as the NH3 molecule combusts (note here)….
Energy intensity of fiber optic cables?
…modules. Air Products notes that it supplies industrial gases, such as argon, helium and hydrogen used in production. High-quality silica glass and specialty plastics are also used in the cabling….
Super-alloys: what role in energy transition?
Super-alloys have exceptionally high strength and temperature resistance. They help to enable 6GTpa of decarbonization, across efficient gas turbines, jet engines (whether fueled by oil, hydrogen or e-fuels), vehicle parts,…
Energy transition: investment strategies?
…been that some technologies at first glance seem to be mature, but on closer inspection still have material technology risks (such as green hydrogen electrolysers, post-combustion CCS). But technology risk…
CO2 intensity of materials: an overview?
…we cannot plot the data in kWh/ton or CO2/ton. This includes the CO2 of different forms of transportation, digital processes, or hydrogen. Agricultural commodities are also not captured in the…
Cement costs and energy economics?
…house batteries and hydrogen plants. The marginal cost of cement production is estimated at $130/ton in this data-file, in order to achieve a 10% IRR, which is similar to the…
Energy economics: engineering wonders?
…govern the energy efficiencies of power plants, energy penalties of CCS, energy penalties of hydrogen or energy losses in inverters and power electronics. https://thundersaidenergy.com/2023/03/23/eroei-energy-return-on-energy-invested/ How much metal or material? The…