Electric vehicles: motors and magnets?
…the rotor, but then this magnet needs a power supply (impacting efficiency by 1-3pp) and there is a risk of degradation on the rotating electrical connection (brushes) that feed this…
US hydrogen production: by facility and by company?
…simple (compared to other CCS opportunities with high energy penalties and amine degradation issues), and can earn 20% IRRs when we model the costs and a share of 45Q revenues…
Costs of CCS with the amine process?
…amine unit such as dust removal via ESPs, sulfur removal via scrubbers, or NOx removal via SCRs, all of which may be necessary to prevent dangerous amine degradation and emissions….
Solar energy: is 50% efficiency now attainable?
…be 1cm2 in area, as a testing criterion. Its production was very complex taking 7.5-hours to assemble 140 separate layers. Complex structures are expensive and more prone to degradation, which…
Nature based solutions to climate change: a summary
…as one third of the atmosphere’s post-industrial CO2 derives from degradation of soil carbon. Fertilizer demand would also halve in this scenario. https://thundersaidenergy.com/2020/05/01/conservation-agriculture-farming-carbon-into-soils/ The need for land is one of…
Hydrogen blending: costs and complexities?
…Costs also rise exponentially, as more hydrogen is blended into the mix. Our estimates are based upon technical papers and TSE’s economic models, and they cover capacity degradation, maintenance costs…
Hot potassium carbonate CCS: energy economics?
Hot potassium carbonate is a post-combustion CCS technology that bypasses the degradation issues of amines, and can help to decarbonize power, BECCS and cement plants. We think costs are around…
Conservation agriculture: farming carbon into soils?
One-third of the atmosphere’s post-industrial CO2 does not derive from fossil fuel combustion but from the degradation of soils, where organic carbon has fallen from 4% to 1-2% due to…
Grid-scale battery costs: $/kW or $/kWh?
…4-hours. Faster charging and discharging are possible, but they may invalidate the battery’s warranty. https://thundersaidenergy.com/2022/09/29/battery-degradation-causes-effects-implications/ Grid modelling: why we prefer kW and $/kW metrics? When we start modelling the integration…
COVID-19: what have the oil markets missed?
…cause is a c25% potential degradation in developed world fuel economy per passenger, as lingering fears over COVID lower the use of mass transit and vehicle load factors. Pages 11-15…