Search results for: “small scale LNG”
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LanzaTech: biofuels breakthrough?
LanzaTech aspires to “take waste carbon emissions and convert them” into sustainable fuels (and bio-plastics) with a >70% CO2 reduction. We have assessed its patents but concluded we cannot yet de-risk the CO2-to-fuels pathway in our energy transition models.
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Solar power: decommissioning costs?
This data-file aims to break down the costs of decommissioning solar projects. Gross costs are estimated within a range of $0.03-0.20/W, which is around 3-20% of the initial installation costs. What might help is the ability to re-use old panels, which could possibly even allow a small profit at end-of-life.
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US CO2 emissions by industrial facility size?
This data-file has aggregated CO2 emissions from 2,500 US industrial facilities. Many coal plants may be ‘too large’ for CCS. Most ethanol plants are ‘too small’. But 100 facilities in cement, steel and ammonia are ‘right sized’ and explain 2% of all US CO2 emissions.
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Wind power: energy costs, energy payback and EROEI?
This data-file estimates 3MWH of energy is consumed in manufacturing and installing 1kW of offshore wind turbines, the energy payback time is usually around 1-year, and total energy return on energy invested (EROEI) will be above 20x. These estimates are based on bottom-up modelling and top-down technical papers.
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Wind and solar: cost of grid interconnection?
Cost of grid connection is shaping up to be a major bottleneck for the continued acceleration of new energies. A good baseline is to expect $100-300/kW of grid inter-connection costs, or $3-10/kW-km, over a typical distance of 10-70 km. But the requirement to fund network upgrade costs can push grid connections to cost more than…
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HVDC transmission: leading companies?
The global HVDC market is $10bn pa, and it might typically cost c€100-600 M to connect a large and remote renewables project to the grid or run a small HVDC inter-connector. This data-file reviews the market leaders in HVDC, based on 5,500 patents. A dozen companies stand out, with c$40bn of combined revenues from power…
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Offshore oil: marginal cost?
What is the marginal cost of offshore oil and gas? This data-file captures a small project, off Africa, with $15/boe development cost, $15/boe opex, 70% fiscal take. Break-even is at $35-45/bbl. But a $90/bbl forward curve may be needed for definitive go-ahead.
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CO2 removals: TIST, Kenya and Uganda?
TIST is a non-profit, founded in 1999, coordinating the efforts of 137,000 subsistence farmers, mainly in Kenya and Uganda, to plant over 23.6M trees. CO2 credits are VERRA certified and scored highly on our framework for assessing nature-based CO2 removals.
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Heap leaching: energy economics?
This data-file captures the energy economics of leaching in the mining industry, especially the costs of heap leaching, for the extraction of copper, nickel, gold, silver, other precious metals, uranium, and Rare Earths. The data-file allows you to stress test costs in $/ton of ore, $/ton of metal, capex, opex, chemicals costs, energy intensity and…
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Global energy demand: by region and through 2050?
This model captures global energy demand by region through 2050, rising from 70,000 TWH in 2019-22 to 120,000 MWH in 2050. Demand rises c2% pa. Energy use per global person rises at 1% pa from 9.3 MWH pp pa to 12.6 MWH pp pa. Meeting human civilization’s energy needs is crucial to the energy transition.
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