How does methane increase global temperature?
…to absorb incremental radiation in a band that is already depleted by the pre-existing CO2. Thus small increases in methane cause more warming, as methane is currently present in very…
Refrigerants: leading chemicals for the rise of heat pumps?
…systems (4 kg per home). There is also an industrial heating-cooling industry, including MW-scale chillers that might contain 400kg of refrigerants, to large global LNG plants. The market is growing….
Green hydrogen: alkaline versus PEM electrolysers?
…molecules. (3) PEMs have Membranes. H+ ions are the smallest ions in the Universe, measuring 0.0008 pico-meters (comparable with other ionic radiuses below). This means protons can diffuse through solid…
End game: options to cure energy shortages?
…How did we get here? Our latest models for gas, LNG and power shortages in Europe are laid out on pages 2-4, to illustrate the scale of looming under-supply. The…
Renewables plus batteries: co-deployments over time?
…renewables. These numbers have all approximately doubled versus a decade ago, when the co-development of renewables plus batteries was a rarity, and tended to occur at smaller scale. This suggests…
Kardashev scale: a futuristic future of energy?
A Kardashev scale civilization uses all the energy it has available. Hence this 16-page report explores ten futuristic uses for global energy, which could absorb an additional 50,000 TWH pa…
Global Flaring Intensity by Country
…1990s). LNG’s positive role in reducing flaring stands out from the data. LNG exports were 94% correlated with Nigeria’s flaring reduction since NLNG started up in 1999. Angola has also…
Coal-to-gas switching: what CO2 abatement cost?
…with gas would have required the equivalent of 40MTpa of LNG imports, over 10% of overnight tightening in global LNG market. Philosophical problem #1: historical volatility? Commodity prices volatility raises…
Midstream opportunities in the energy transition?
…such as oil. (2) Global gas demand doubles in our roadmap to net zero, in order to displace coal; global LNG trebles; while another under-appreciated angle is that growing applications…
Gas turbines and CHP: technology leaders?
The aim of this data-file is to profile thirty leading companies in gas turbines and smaller-scale CHPs, based on their disclosures and patent filings. In each case, we describe the…