Aluminium producers: company screen?
…to aluminium is quantified by company. 8 out of 10 of the companies are aluminium ‘pure plays’ with 80% exposure to aluminium, or higher, on an EBITDA basis. Rio Tinto…
Power cables: how much aluminium and copper?
…Again, attempts to decarbonize aluminium could double the costs. Power cables aluminium intensity in kg per kW per km Overall, in the energy transition, we think that the use of…
Aluminium production: energy economics?
…kg of aluminium. It is possible to generate a 10% IRR on a new aluminium plant, at recent aluminium prices of $2.3/kg of production. However, this is only possible under…
Illustrating industrial energy efficiency in the context of cooking?
…aluminium blocks are non-ferromagnetic. They are not heated up by electromagnetic induction. Hence the standard test need to be modified, placing the aluminium blocks in ferromagnetic pans. Because induction heaters…
Power grids: down to the wire?
…cable demand is more likely to stoke aluminium than copper. Leading global copper producers and leading global aluminium producers are discussed on pages 8 and 9. Circuit kilometers needed for…
Boston Metal: molten oxide electrolysis of steel?
…it halve the operating temperature of the cell, but the sodium cations (-2.71V) have a standard electrode potential that is more negative than the aluminium ions (-1.67V), so the aluminium…
Electrowinning: costs and energy economics?
…PGMs and Rare Earths. Even aluminium, chlor-alkali and green hydrogen are debatably electro-winning processes, or at the least electro-chemical processes whose energy economics can all be modeled using Faraday’s Law…
Recycling: a global overview of energy savings?
…aluminium. In each case, we cover the market size (in MTpa), the recycling rate (in %), primary energy use (MWH/ton), CO2 intensity (tons/ton) and the possible savings from recycling. $299.00 – Purchase…
Commodity prices: metals, materials and chemicals?
…their ten-year averages in 2022, as internationally traded prices rose sharply for nickel, rose modestly for aluminium and zinc, and remained high for copper (chart below). Base metal prices by…
Battery cathode active materials and manufacturing?
Lithium ion batteries famously have cathodes containing lithium, nickel, manganese, cobalt, aluminium and/or iron phosphate. But how are these cathode active materials manufactured? This data-file gathers specific details from technical…