Supply-Demand
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Lithium: global demand forecasts?
This data-file estimates global lithium demand amidst the ramp of electric vehicles, the rise of AI/robotics, and integrates with our oil market models. The data are disaggregated across electric vehicles, new vehicle types, consumer electronics, grid-scale batteries and conventional material uses.
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Global CO2 emissions breakdown?
Global CO2 emissions rose from 32GTpa of CO2-equivalents in 1990 to 54GTpa in 2024, and are seen optimistically declining to 30GTpa by 2050, on a gross basis. This global CO2 emisisons breakdown covers 33 sources that each explain over 0.5% of global CO2e emissions, as a way of tracking emissions by source, by year, and…
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Battery energy storage systems: capacity forecasts?
Battery energy storage systems (BESS) encompass grid-scale batteries, and smaller commercial and residential battery storage systems. Both are captured in this 100-line data-file, globally, by region, over time, in annual terms, in cumulative terms, in GWH terms and in GW terms.
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Global Air Conditioning demand by region over time?
Global air conditioning consumed 2,600 TWH of electricity in 2024, which is 8% of total global electricity demand, and seen rising +3% pa to 6,000 TWH by 2050. This data-file quantifies global AC sales by country, the global AC unit stock by country, and global AC electricity demand by country, to 2050.
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Rare Earth magnet demand by category over time?
Global demand for Rare Earth magnets was 280kTpa in 2024, of which 250kTpa was NdFeB magnets. Demand is seen rising at 9% pa to 2030, then 6% pa to 2050, reaching 1.3MTpa. The largest sources of upside are in robotics and EVs, at c30% each.
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Jet fuel demand: by region and forecasts to 2050?
Jet fuel demand ran at 8Mbpd in 2019, the last year before COVID, and could rise to 18Mbpd by 2050, as global population rises 25%, jet fuel demand per capita doubles and fuel economy per aviation mile rises by 20%. This data file breaks down jet fuel demand by region, including our forecasts through 2050,…
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Power electronics: market size in energy transition?
Power electronic devices are used to transform and control the flow of electricity, especially at large, commercial and industrial scale. Different types of power electronic equipment, their costs are described in this data-file. We see a $600bn capital goods market accelerating to an 8% CAGR and reaching $1trn pa by 2030, amidst electrification, energy transition…
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India: energy supply-demand over time?
India contains 1.4bn people, generates almost $4trn pa of GDP and uses 9% of the world’s total useful energy. Will India be the first country to industrialize primarily around solar, and if so, what will this look like? This data-file captures our forecasts for India’s energy demand, and how it will evolve over time, as…
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Lithium ion battery volumes by chemistry and use?
The lithium ion battery market reached 900GWH in 2023, representing 7x growth in the past half-decade since 2018, and 20x growth in the past decade since 2013. Volumes treble again by 2030. This data-file breaks down global ithium ion battery volumes by chemistry and be end use. A remarkable shift to LFP is underway, and…
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Global PGM demand: breakdown by metal and use?
Core global PGM demand ran at 565 tons in 2023, which remains c6% lower than the all-time peak demand of 600Tpa in 2019. We model a recovery to 700 Tpa of demand for platinum, palladium and rhodium in 2030, then a long run decline to 350Tpa if EVs ultimately reach 90% of vehicle sales by…
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