the research consultancy for energy technologies
Polysilicon is a highly pure, crystalline silicon material, used predominantly for photovoltaic solar, and also for ‘chips’ in the electronics industry. Global polysilicon capacity is estimated to reach 1.65MTpa in…
Semiconductors underpin solar panels, electric vehicles and electronics. Hence this 20-page note aims to explain semiconductor physics from first principles: their conductivity and resistance, their use in devices, plus implications…
…over the past half-decade, and by +9% YoY in 2023. Wind and solar would need to grow 4x faster than 2023 levels for thermal generation to flatline. What do India…
…also more costly. A utility-scale solar project might cost $1,000/kW. A grid-scale battery might cost $1,500/kW. Hence combining 0.5MW of batteries per MW of solar might cost $1,750/kW in total,…
…1 millionth of an atmosphere, to deposit nm-μm thick layers of ultra-pure materials onto semiconductor and solar substrates, to make PV silicon, solar modules, computer chips, AI chips, LEDs, plus…
…as wind and solar, due to high operating flexibility. Please download the data-file to stress-test the costs of gas-fired power generation. We have also published summaries of our conclusions into…
…such as a fuel cell or fuel cell vehicle. A more recent question mark has arisen over the degradation rates of electrolysers, if they are powered by wind and solar…
…economic models calculating the specific levelized costs of onshore wind, offshore wind, solar, hydro, nuclear, gas power, coal power, biomass, RNG, diesel gensets, geothermal, hydrogen, fuel cells, power transmission, batteries,…
…chemicals and metals facilities. This is not always entirely consistent with being fully powered by volatile wind and solar. $299.00 – Purchase Checkout Added to cart Renewables will ramp up to 25%…
…assumes the ascent of wind and solar will double in speed, and reach 17% of total global energy by 2050. This would be a monumental achievement. But it is challenging…