the research consultancy for energy technologies
…is the LCOE of constructing new solar versus the LCOE of constructing new wind, hydro, nuclear, gas, coal, biomass, diesel gensets and geothermal (as discussed on page 3). However, when solar growth starts exceeding total electricity demand growth,…
…frequent. A key reason is that the annual output from wind, solar and hydro all vary by +/- 3-5% each year, while wind and solar will ramp from 5.5% to…
…Hydro availability is 20% in the dry season (December-January) but exceeds 50% after the monsoon season (August-September). Wind’s availability profile is similar (chart below). While the call on thermal generation…
…percent per minute, or MW per minute). Hydro power and simple cycle gas turbines offer the best short-term performance, ramping immediately and rapidly. Next come combined cycle gas plants, then…
…hydrocracker at its 190kbpd Rotterdam refinery expansion, upgrading lower-value vacuum gasoil into Group II base stocks (see below) and ultra-low sulfur diesel. (3) Exxon. Hydroprocessing. 5 patents were filed in…
This data-file models the economics of Eni’s Slurry Technology, for hydro-converting heavy crudes and fuel oils into light products. It is among the top technologies we have reviewed for the…
…tax rates and other reagents (e.g., hydrogen, methanol, sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, etc).. Capex costs are estimated on both a top-down and a bottom-up basis. The average greenfield is costing…
…on gas, coal, nuclear, wind, solar, hydro and hydrogen. From conversations with investors, we suspect many wind and solar projects are being financed at lower WACCs (c5%) than conventional gas…
…expensive in smaller countries with less land. Covered technologies include biofuels, reforestation, restoring soil carbon, carbon capture and storage, onshore wind, offshore wind, solar, hydro power, direct air capture and…
…https://thundersaidenergy.com/downloads/co2-emissions-from-batteries-when-do-evs-break-even/ Green hydrogen: what implications? The blending of RECs with green hydrogen could become a minefield of complexity. For example, imagine a hydrogen electrolyser that is powered by a wind…