the research consultancy for energy technologies
…the conductivity of semiconductors, in spreadsheet format, from first principles, as a useful reference file for our broader modelling of semiconductors, from solar panels to electric vehicles. The basic formula…
Semiconductors underpin solar panels, electric vehicles and electronics. Hence this 20-page note aims to explain semiconductor physics from first principles: their conductivity and resistance, their use in devices, plus implications…
…digital switches made of semiconductor materials, which allow one circuit to control another. Our overview of semiconductors explains how a transistor works, from first principles, by depicting a bipolar junction…
…analysis on the bandgap, the next chart below shows that our 43-44% conversion limit holds for any semiconductors with a bandgap of 1.1-1.35eV, more of a plateau than a sharp…
Semiconductors underpin solar panels, electric vehicles and electronics. Hence this 20-page note aims to explain semiconductor physics from first principles: their conductivity and resistance, their use in devices, plus implications…
Solar semiconductors have changed the world, converting light into clean electricity. Hence can thermoelectric semiconductors follow the same path, converting heat into electricity with no moving parts? This 14-page report…
…the underlying theory of semiconductors, you will find it deeply uncomfortable to bet against the long-run rise of semiconductors. https://thundersaidenergy.com/2023/10/19/semiconductor-physics-piece-de-resistance/ https://thundersaidenergy.com/downloads/mosfets-energy-use-and-power-loss-calculator/ https://thundersaidenergy.com/2021/09/16/power-grids-tenet/ https://thundersaidenergy.com/2022/05/05/power-transmission-raising-electrical-potential/ https://thundersaidenergy.com/2023/09/07/leds-seeing-the-light/ https://thundersaidenergy.com/2023/04/20/what-is-the-energy-consumption-of-the-internet/ https://thundersaidenergy.com/2023/06/29/omniscience-how-will-ai-reshape-the-energy-transition/ Electric motors are also…
The global market for vacuum pumps is worth $15bn per year, with growing importance for making semiconductors, solar panels and AI chips. This data-file reviews ten leading companies in vacuum…
…to make 70% of LEDs globally, but also for wide-bandgap semiconductors, such as SiC and GaN, the market leader is a publicly listed German specialist, with 70% market share. In…
…and data in the file). This ‘lattice scattering’ is why power grid losses rise on hot days, or why ‘high temperature superconductors’ are a rarity. For semiconductors, conductivity is particularly…