Industry Data

Levelized cost of electricity: stress-testing LCOE?

This data-file summarizes the levelized cost of electricity, across 35 different generation sources, covering 20 different data-fields for each source. Costs of generating electricity can vary from 2-200 c/kWh. The is more variability within categories than between them. Numbers can readily be stress-tested in the data-file.
Read more
India: electricity demand and power grid over time?

India’s electricity demand is growing by 6-8% (+100-140 TWH) per year, but 75% of the total still comes from coal, which has itself grown at a 6% CAGR in the past half-decade. India seems to be industrializing primarly around coal + solar, in relatively equal proportions?
Read more
China coal production costs?

China coal production costs are estimated on a full-cycle basis in this data-file, averaging $65/ton across large, listed miners, with assets in Shanxi, Inner Mongolia and Shaanxi, and 1.5-2x higher again for smaller regional prices. The costs had been increasing at $1.3/ton/year through 2023, but moderated in 2024-25. But could marginal Chinese coal prices hit…
Read more
Exploration capex: long-term spending from Oil Majors?

This data-file tabulates the Oil Majors’ exploration capex from the mid-1990s, in headline terms (in billions of dollars) and in per-barrel terms (in $/boe of production). Exploration spending quadrupled from $1/boe in 1995-2005 to $4/boe in 2005-19, and has since collapsed like a warm Easter Egg. Exploration has been de-prioritized. Perhaps wrongly?
Read more
Development capex: long-term spending from Oil Majors?

This data-file tabulates the five ‘Big Oil’ Super-Majors’ development capex from the mid-1990s, in headline terms (billions of dollars) and in per-barrel terms ($/boe of production). Real development capex quadrupled from $6/boe in 1995-2000 to $24/boe in 2010-15, collapsed to $10/boe, then recovered to $13.5/boe.
Read more
Global commodity demand: sensitivity to GDP?

Global commodity demand is levered to GDP. Specifically, for each +/- 1% acceleration or deceleration in global GDP, commodity demand tends to accelerate or decelerate by +/- 1.4%, with a 70% R-squared, across 25 examples that are indexed in this data-file. Oil demand sensitivity to GDP is particularly interesting.
Read more
Marcellus shale: well by well production database?

This data-file tracks Marcellus shale well productivity, by tabulating the monthly output from 13,000 wells across the Pennsylvania Marcellus, from 2015 to mid-2024. Average IP rates across the basin have risen at a 12% pa CAGR, from around 5 mmcfd in 2015 to 18 mmcfd in 2025. However, activity and productivity differ starkly by operator.
Read more
Electric ships: costs and case studies?

Over 1,000 electric ships have now been deployed globally. Mostly small-scale. This data-file profiles 30 case studies of electric ships (on the examples tab) and compares the costs of large electric ships against 20,000 TEU container vessels that would otherwise be fueled by marine diesel.
Read more
Wind and solar: curtailments over time?

Wind and solar curtailments now average 8% across different grids that we have evaluated in this data-file, and have generally been rising over time, especially in 2024-25. The key reason is grid bottlenecks. Grid expansions are crucial for wind and solar to continue expanding.
Read more
Reserve margins: by ISO and over time?

Reserve margins across major ISOs in the US power grid average 26% in 2026, are seen declining to 10% in the next decade by NERC, and turning negative in regions such as PJM and MISO. Surging power demand and resource retirements are the culprits, although may not unfold as feared. This data-file tabulates reserve margin…
Read more

Energy Units — An Overview

Industry Data

Content by Category

Cookies?