Pumped hydro: the economics?
This data-file assesses pumped hydro costs, as a means of backing up renewables. A typical project might have 0.5GW of capacity, 12-hours storage duration, and capex costs of $2,250/kW. $449.00 – Purchase…
Hydro electric power: the economics?
This data-file models the costs and the economics for constructing a new hydro electric power project, based on technical papers and past projects around the industry. CO2 intensity is effectively…
Global hydrogen: market breakdown?
This data-file is a breakdown of the global hydrogen market, which is 110MTpa today, worth around $110bn pa at $1/kg H2 prices. Today’s hydrogen is mostly used for producing ammonia,…
Green hydrogen: alkaline versus PEM electrolysers?
…electrolyser, alkaline OH- ions diffuse. In a PEM electrolyser, protons, H+ ions, diffuse. Ten fundamental differences follow. The lowest cost green hydrogen will come from alkaline electrolysers run at high…
Turquoise hydrogen from methane pyrolysis: economics?
…may unlock lower costs for turquoise hydrogen than blue hydrogen or green hydrogen. The disadvantage is that methane decomposition is endothermic, thus an exterior energy source is required. If this…
Global electricity prices vs. CO2 intensities?
…electricity in 2021 was generated from hydro. But four countries are unusual, because they generate the majority of their electricity from hydro, which has almost no embedded CO2 intensity. They…
IMO 2020. Fast Resolution or Slow Resolution?
…Traditional hydroprocessing techniques, aimed primarily at reducing sulphur, also tend to saturate these aromatic rings which “can increase the amount of hydrogen consumed during hydroprocessing by as much as an…
Renewables: share of global energy and electricity by country?
…(chart below). The cleanest grids in the world, however, belong to Norway (87% hydro, 10% wind) and Sweden (40% hydro, 30% nuclear, 19% wind, 1.5% solar), where nuclear and hydro…
Aluminium producers: company screen?
…and Vedanta have more diversified portfolios. And even within the purer-plays, Norsk Hydro is c20% hydro power generation. CO2 intensity varies widely, from 3 tons CO2 per ton of aluminium…
California power generation over time?
…data into solar, wind, nuclear, hydro, imports and thermal generation, every five minutes, for almost a decade. Over the past decade, California’s power grid has averaged 26GW of load, but…