the research consultancy for energy technologies
…steel, other metals, fertilizers, auto plants and other manufacturing categories. The average factory consumes 9GWH of energy per year, of which 5GWH is thermal heat and 4GWH is as electricity….
…shortages. This is not a romantic portrayal of pre-industrial civilization, some simpler time “before fossil fuels”. It is a horror show of deficiencies, in lifespans, food, heat, mobility, freight, materials,…
…of demands for power, industrial heat, residential/commercial heat and coking. Coal prices are contextualized on page 6-7, comparing Chinese coal with gas, renewables, hydro and nuclear in c/kWh terms. Coal…
…Large power cables are challenging, because current flows generate heat via the Joule effect. Power cables must not heat up above 90C, or it can cause safety issues and damage…
…heat, seen most notably in replacing internal combustion engine vehicles (15-20% efficient) with electric vehicles (80-90% efficient), both on an apples-to-apples basis. Our other data-files give more underlying detail and…
…would recommend to start with our overview of thermodynamics, and our overview of super-critical CO2. The patents give some helpful details on pressures, temperatures, heat exchange, Cp/Cv ratios, and innovations…
…pressures involved in different CCUS applications above are explained on page 2. The energy needed for CO2 compression is a function of input variables, such as mass, temperature, compressibility, heat…
…a heat engine, efficiency is easily calculated by dividing electrical energy outputs by fuel energy inputs. But for a wind or solar asset, there is no fuel input. We are…
…the other 55-65%? Accessing this waste heat can mean the difference between 20% and 60% energy penalties for post-combustion CCS. This 10-page note explores how much heat can be recaptured….
…overhead transmission cables for power grids, for light-weighting vehicles to improve their fuel economy, for aircraft frames, for the frames of solar panels, and in the heat exchangers that enable…