the research consultancy for energy technologies
…the conductivity of semiconductors, in spreadsheet format, from first principles, as a useful reference file for our broader modelling of semiconductors, from solar panels to electric vehicles. The basic formula…
Semiconductors underpin solar panels, electric vehicles and electronics. Hence this 20-page note aims to explain semiconductor physics from first principles: their conductivity and resistance, their use in devices, plus implications…
Solar encapsulants are 300-500μm thick films, protecting solar cells from moisture, dirt and degradation; electrically insulating them at 4 x 10^15 Ωcm resistivity; and yet allowing 90% light transmittance. The…
…one electrode) and reduce (gaining an electron from the other electrode). This absorbs or creates an electric current. The purpose of this data-file is to build up the costs of…
…point around 180-200ºC, used to affix electrical connections onto circuit boards in semiconductors. Global tin demand rises 2.5x as part of the energy transition, reaching 1MTpa by 2050. Mechanically, our…
Hydro power generation by facility is tabulated in this data-file for the 20 largest hydro-electric plants in the US. The average US hydro facility achieves 43% availability, varying from 39%…
…of new energies are non-linear, injecting distortion to power grids. Harmonic distortion caused by DC devices are discussed on pages 7-8, including the signatures of electric vehicle chargers, grid-scale batteries,…
…energy transition, if the world is to reach net zero, 250-years after Volta’s invention! This includes all batteries, electric vehicles, electrolysers, fuel cells, electrowinning plants. In our travels through the…
…energy transition from first principles… Energy theory from first principles: energy units, thermo-dynamics, electricity, electrochemistry, magnets and motors and semiconductors. https://thundersaidenergy.com/2022/08/25/energy-units-life-the-universe-and-everything/ Decarbonization technologies from first principles: renewables, batteries, EVs, EV charging, lithium…
…1.4% of all useful global energy. Similar numbers are explored for wind, electric vehicles, CCS, hydrogen and energy storage, together with conclusions on pages 11-12. $499.00 – Purchase Checkout Added to cart…