Search Results for: glass

Global energy demand by end use?

Breakdown of global useful energy demand across 50 categories. The largest are electric motors and residential heat, followed by steel, general manufacturing, and plastics.

…chlor-alkali, coal production, commercial heat, cooking, copper, desalination, electric motors, electrical appliances, glass, graphite, heavy trucks, hydrogen, industrial acids, internet, lighting, lithium batteries, LNG liquefaction, manufacturing, methanol, oil & gas…

Vapor deposition: leading companies?

Leading vapor deposition companies by their revenue in 2023 and exposure to the PVD/CVD market.

…for hardened metals, cutting tools, insulated glass and aluminized food packaging. We figured that we needed to compile this screen after reviewing LONGi‘s patents in early-2024. The technology underpinning HJTs…

Global PGM demand: breakdown by metal and use?

…catalytic converters, with another 10% used in jewelry, 8% in chemicals, 5% in electronics, 3% in glass, 3% in medical and about 1% in oil refining (especially catalytic reforming). These…

Solar: energy payback and embedded energy?

Energy payback of solar

…solar panel is about 65% glass, 15% aluminium, c10% polymers (mainly EVA encapsulants and PVF back-sheet), c3% copper. Photovoltaic silicon is only 5% of the panel by mass, but about…

Global hydrogen: market breakdown?

global hydrogen market by industry in MTpa

…make 10MTpa of margarine or 300kbpd of renewable diesel; making 4.5MTpa of H2O2 for bleaching paper; or pouring out 70MTpa of ultra-smooth glass on a contaminant-free bed of molten tin….

Energy transition: hierarchy of needs?

Energy transition could fall apart

…fall apart? Constructive solutions will include debottlenecking resource-bottlenecks, efficiency technologies and natural gas pragmatism. https://vimeo.com/680851397 https://thundersaidenergy.com/2022/07/07/energy-transition-wheel-of-time/ https://thundersaidenergy.com/2022/07/21/political-shifts-do-energy-shortages-cause-revolutions/ https://thundersaidenergy.com/downloads/global-energy-supply-demand-balance/ https://thundersaidenergy.com/2022/01/06/renewables-can-they-ramp-up-faster/ https://thundersaidenergy.com/2022/01/13/glass-fiber-what-upside-in-the-energy-transition/ https://thundersaidenergy.com/downloads/energy-transition-leading-commodities/ https://thundersaidenergy.com/2022/02/10/falling-towers-how-will-energy-shortages-play-out/ https://thundersaidenergy.com/2022/01/20/us-lng-new-perceptions/ https://thundersaidenergy.com/2021/12/30/energy-crisis-ten-themes-for-2022/ To view the video directly in…

Paper production: energy economics?

Energy costs of making paper

…as PET, aluminium and especially glass. Numbers in the paper value chain are sensitive to input assumptions, such as wood prices, capex costs, energy prices, opex costs, treatment of emissions,…

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