Diesel power generation: levelized costs?
…creates a rationale for expanding power grids and hybridizing diesel generation with solar and wind. Some sensitivities are that each $10/bbl on the oil price translates into a 2c/kWh variation…
CO2 intensity of materials: an overview?
…value chains that truly are CO2 intensive (i.e., emissions are above 20 tons/ton or even 100 tons/ton). This includes PV silicon and silver for solar panels; carbon fiber and rare…
Aluminium producers: company screen?
…overhead transmission cables for power grids, for light-weighting vehicles to improve their fuel economy, for aircraft frames, for the frames of solar panels, and in the heat exchangers that enable…
Cryogenic air separation: company screen?
…wind and solar value chains, blue hydrogen and Allam Cycle oxycombustion. Decarbonization ambitions of different industrial gas companies are also noted in the data-file. Some of this is achieved through…
Industrial gases: out of thin air?
Cryogenic air separation is used to produce 400MTpa of oxygen, plus pure nitrogen and argon; for steel, metals, ammonia, wind-solar inputs, semiconductor, blue hydrogen and Allam cycle oxy-combustion. Hence this…
Cement costs and energy economics?
…for the energy transition. A wind turbine uses 67 tons of cement per MW. So too might foundations of utility scale solar, power transmission lines, or the “pads” used to…
Adiabatic flame temperature: hydrogen, methane and oil products?
…spodumenes. In semiconductor, mono-crystalline polysilicon for chips and solar panels is grown via the Czochralksi method at 1,425ºC; while the SiC used in cutting edge EV power-MOFSETs is grown at…
Industrial materials: thermodynamic efficiency?
…chains that yield glass, solar panels and semiconductors. For the latter two applications, silica might be reduced into silicon ‘metal’ in an electric arc furnace. And overall, we think this…
Polyester: production process?
…are also broader than just clothing. Solar panels often use PET as an underlying layer of their backsheet. Uses of PET? Global production of PET stands at 80MTpa. 50MTpa is…
Air conditioning: energy consumption?
…There are also opportunities to lower the CO2 intensity of the power grid, by ramping solar, wind, hydro, nuclear. Please download the data-file to explore the air conditioning energy consumption….