Search results for: “"power electronics" switchgear filters capacitors “
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CCS: amine degradation rates?
In post-combustion CCS facilities, amines react with CO2, which can later be re-released via steam-treating, and sent for sequestration. However, CCS plants have amine make-up rates, to replace amines that degrade (chemically, thermally) and evaporate off. This data-file quantifies make-up rates of amines in kg/ton.
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Offshore vessels: fuel consumption?
This database tabulates the typical fuel consumption of offshore vessels, in bpd and MWH/day. We think a typical offshore construction vessel will consume 300bpd, a typical rig consumes 200bpd, supply vessels consume 150bpd, cable-lay vessels consume 150bpd, dredging vessels consume 100bpd and medium-sized support vessels consume 50bpd. Examples are given in each category, with typical…
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Market sizing: what if CO2 abatement costs are distributed like US income?
How would CO2 abatement costs end up being distributed, if they matched the distribution of US incomes? 90% of all decarbonization would have to cost less than $80/ton. There could be 600MTpa of CCS, 60MTpa of DAC, 6MTpa of green hydrogen and e-fuels?
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Post-combustion CCS: what energy penalties?
A thermal power plant converts 35-45% of the chemical energy in coal, biomass or pellets into electrical energy. So what happens to the other 55-65%? Accessing this waste heat can mean the difference between 20% and 60% energy penalties for post-combustion CCS. This 10-page note explores how much heat can be recaptured.
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Magnets and energy: fundamental attraction?
Electric currents create magnetic fields. Moving magnets induce electric currents. These principles underpin 95% of global electricity, while 50% of wind turbines and 95% of electric vehicles use permanent magnets with Rare Earth metals. This 15-page overview of magnets explains key magnet concepts and controversies for the energy transition.
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Adiabatic flame temperature: hydrogen, methane and oil products?
At an idealized, 100% stoichiometric ratio, the adiabatic flame temperature for natural gas is 1,960ºC, hydrogen burns 300ºC hotter at 2,250ºC and oil products burn somewhere in between, at around 2,150ºC. The calculations show why hydrogen cannot always be dropped into an existing turbine or heat engine.
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Pressure swing adsorption: energy economics?
Pressure swing adsorption purifies gases according to their differing tendencies to adsorb onto adsorbents under pressure. Pressure swing adsorption costs $0.1/kg when separating pure hydrogen from reformers, and $2-3/mcf when separating bio-methane from biogas. Our cost breakdowns include capex, opex, maintenance, zeolite replacement, compression power and CO2 costs.
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Residential energy consumption over time?
Global residential energy demand runs at 2.5 MWH pp pa, of which c40% is from electricity, 40% is gas, c13% is biomass and c7% is oil. In our gas and power models, electrification rises to 65% by 2050, to help renewables reach 50% of global electricity. Heat pumps improve efficiency and lower primary demand in the developed world.
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Fans and blowers: costs and energy consumption?
Fans and blowers comprise a $7bn pa market, moving low-pressure gases through industrial and commercial facilities. Typical costs might run at $0.025/ton of air flow to earn a return on $200/kW equipment costs and 0.3kWh/ton of energy consumption. 3,000 tons of air flow may be required per ton of CO2 in a direct air capture…
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Boltzmann energy overview?
The Boltzmann constant, denoted as kB, or 1.381 x 10^-23 J/K, is the most important number in thermodynamics. It denotes the rate at which a single particle will gain thermal energy (in Joules) as its absolute temperature rises (in Kelvin). It underpins the Boltzmann distribution and the Maxwell-Boltzmann distributions, which matter in modelling gases, energy…
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