the research consultancy for energy technologies
…a new world record of 33.9% cell-level efficiency for a silicon-perovskite tandem cell, which is the first ever cell to surpass the Shockley-Queisser (S-Q) theoretical efficiency limit. Hence in this…
…plants, industrial gas production, electric arc furnaces, aluminium, chlor-alkali, polymers, paper, silicon, sulphur, glass, hydrofluoric acid, small-scale hydrogen and hydrogen cyanide. A best to worst ranking depends on the technical…
…improve? For example, today’s graphite anodes only intercalate 1 lithium ion for every 6 graphite atoms, which weigh 12 g/mol, yielding a charge density of 372 mAh/gram. Silicon anodes weigh…
A new solar cell is vying to re-shape the PV industry, with 2-5% efficiency gains and c25-35% lower silicon use than today’s PERC cells. This 12-page note reviews TOPCon solar…
…copper in the front contacts of solar cells. It diffuses into the silicon, where it is an “efficiency killer”. And it cannot readily be screen-printed. These issues are spelled out…
…takes 120-seconds, via a 100bpm slurry rate carrying 2.7ppg of sand. PropX has undertaken successful trials placing the sand containers on a vibration table, with a sloped discharge cone, silicon-inserts…
…trackers in 2023, mostly single-axis horizontal systems. It is a rare part of the solar supply chain, that is not dominated by Chinese suppliers – unlike PV silicon, or PV…
…to the Siemens Process, used to make 92% of the world’s PV silicon in 2021. Energy intensity is middling. Electricity comprises 30% of the total marginal cost, and c45% of…
…Black 28, Polybutyl Terephthalate, Polycarbonate, Polycarbonate Acrylonitrile, Polycarbonates, Polyimides, Polymers, Polyurethanes, Proprietary, PVC, Silica, Silicon, Silver, Sodium Oxide, Solder, Steel, Styrofoam, Synthetic Rubber, Tantalum, Tin, Titanium, Vinyl Silicone Oil, Zinc….
…1bn times more energy than the thermodynamic minimum. One reason, of course, is that modern computers flow electricity through semiconductors, which are highly resistive. Indeed, undoped silicon is 100bn times…