the research consultancy for energy technologies
…also interesting technologies to replace some cryogenic separations with lower-cost and less energy-consuming membrane technologies. Leading companies in cryogenic air separation are screened here, and include Linde (4,000 air separation…
Over $100bn pa of industrial gases and $5-6bn pa of cryogenic air separation plants are produced each year. This data-file is a screen of leading industrial gas companies and cryogenic…
Storage tank costs are tabulated in this data-file, averaging $100-300/m3 for storage systems of 10-10,000 m3 capacity. Costs are 2-10x higher for corrosive chemicals, cryogenic storage, or very large/small storage…
…20% oxygen fraction from air in a cryogenic air separation unit average $100/ton using 300kWh/ton of electricity (model here). If you have a concentrated CO2 stream (e.g., 10-40%) then cryogenics…
…other separation technologies, and the growing capability to backstop volatile renewables (demand shifting). Compressors and vacuum pumps are simply more flexible than cryogenics, per pages 13-14. Leading companies in Pressure…
…that real-world processes will ever reach this theoretical level? Our answer is on page 5. Real world cryogenic processes achieve cryogenic air separation via the Reverse Brayton Cycle. We explain…
…efficiency of LNG transport. This can also help cryogenic air separation. Boiling Points of Different Gases According to the Clausius Clapeyron Relationship Density of CO2: strange properties? The Density of…
…lost in transportation: our overview into hydrogen transport is here, covering cryogenic trucks, hydrogen pipelines, pipeline blending, ammonia and toluene. Is a hydrogen truck really comparable with a diesel truck?…
…to be higher. For example, moderate pressures of about 60-bar are routinely used in gas pipelines, methanol plants and in the cryogenic turbine compressors feeding cryogenic air separation plants or…
The purpose of this data-file is to model the economics of shipping large cryogenic cargoes, such as LNG carriers or even dual-purpose vessels that can carry both LNG and CO2….