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Starship space launch: energy and capital goods?
How much energy would be required to support ongoing launches of Starship spacecrafts into Low Earth Orbit? And what capital equipment would be needed to liquefy this LNG fuel and oxygen propellant? This data-file calculates hourly launches would require 1.4bcfd of gas, 9MTpa of LNG liquefaction, 34MTpa of oxygen ASUs, 1.4GW of compression power and…
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US electricity demand: by sector, by use, over time?
US electricity sales reached 4,430 TWH in 2024, rising +3% YoY, and bringing the trailing ten-year CAGR to 1% pa. The current breakdown is 37% residential, 37% commercial, 26% industrial. All three are now growing. To help understand load growth, this data-file is a breakdown of US electricity demand by sector, by use and over…
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US gas power: generation by facility over time?
US gas power generation by facility is broken down in this data-file, across 1,850 active gas-power plants, supplying 40% of all US electricity. Descriptive statistics are available in the summary tab, a state-by-state breakdown follows in the PlantsByState tab and underlying data on all 3,000 historical facilities are provided in the AllGasPlants tab.
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Gallium nitride: GaN mentality?
Gallium Nitride (GaN) is a remarkable semiconductor. GaN forms a 2-Dimension Electron Gas (2DEG), with exceptional electron mobility, which supports high switching frequency, improved power quality, 50-70% lower losses and 50-70% smaller devices. It is thus a crucial enabler for large AI racks. This 13-page report reviews the technology, device costs, and future market drivers.
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Power-MOSFETs: active semiconductor companies?
Power MOSFETs are an energy transition technology, the building block behind inverters, DC-DC converters, EV drive trains, EV chargers, renewables-battery interfaces and increasingly, the power conversion architectures for upscaling rack density at AI data-centers. Hence this data-file is a screen of power MOSFET and active semiconductor companies.
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MOSFETs: energy use and power loss calculator?
MOSFETs are fast-acting digital switches, used to transform electricity, across new energies and digital devices. MOSFET power losses are built up from first principles in this data-file, averaging 2% per MOSFET, with a range of 1-10% depending on voltage, switching, on resistance, operating temperature and reverse recovery charge.
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US energy model: oil, gas, power and CO2?
The US consumes 25,000 TWH of primary energy per year, which equates to 13,000 TWH of useful energy, and emits 6GTpa of CO2. This model captures our best estimates for how the US energy system will involve, across oil, gas, coal, nuclear, wind, solar and efficiency gains, and thus the trajectory of CO2 emissions through…
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Potato chips: isn’t AI really deflationary?
This video reflects on our favorite AI case studies of 2026, and what they mean for energy, industrials and equity markets. 1-2 year payback periods mean mild supply chain pull, then deep, persistent deflation. Most case studies are sub-kW scale. And maybe the few GW-scale deployments are “one and done”. Implications follow…
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Duck curves: US power price duckiness over time?
In solar-heavy grids, power prices trough around mid-day, then ramp up rapidly as the sunset. This price distribution over time is known as the duck curve. US power prices are getting 25-30% more ducky each year, based on some forms of measurement. Power prices are clearly linked to the instantaneous share of wind/solar in grids.
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Enphase: GaN microinverter technology?
Enphase is a global leader in microinverters. In 2026, it released its first GaN-based microinverter, reducing weight by 25% and volume by 35%. Specific innovations come out in the patents and suggest more radical changes lie ahead, for even more power dense microinverters based on cycloconverter topologies. But does this confer any kind of edge…
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