the research consultancy for energy technologies
…turn requires cryogenic air separation. If the world’s sulphur and H2SO4 mostly come from 1,000 refineries and oil processing facilities, this might raise a question in the energy transition about…
…capturing the CO2 from natural gas combustion, then transporting it away in the same cryogenic carriers that are bringing in the LNG? The volume maths work (page 4). But there…
Cryogenic air separation is used to produce 400MTpa of oxygen, plus pure nitrogen and argon; for steel, metals, ammonia, wind-solar inputs, semiconductor, blue hydrogen and Allam cycle oxy-combustion. Hence this…
Transporting hydrogen will be more challenging than any other commodity ever commercialised in the history of global energy. This 19-page note reviews the costs and complexities of cryogenic trucks, hydrogen…
…the data-file to stress-test your own economic assumptions, and for the breakdown of pressure swing adsorption costs. Other techniques for gas separations include amine separations, membrane separations and cryogenic separations….
…other separation technologies, and the growing capability to backstop volatile renewables (demand shifting). Compressors and vacuum pumps are simply more flexible than cryogenics, per pages 13-14. Leading companies in Pressure…
…(ethane cracking), the coldest of which reaches -200ºC (cryogenic air separation), but the average process takes place at 200ºC. PET is produced from the condensation polymerization of PTA and ethylene…
…booms. In industrial gases, there is also a fascinating shift underway, where pressuring swing adsorption (using compressors and vacuum pumps, note here) is much more flexible than cryogenic plants that…
…water, a vacuum pump can be used to lower the pressure (chart below). Effectively this is a swing adsorption process rather than a cryogenic process. How does AirJoule technology work?…
…IRR on a large production facility, and after reflecting capex costs, feedstock gas prices, heat, electricity, cryogenic oxygen, opex costs and CO2 prices. Production costs are most sensitive to input…