the research consultancy for energy technologies
…Cp fluctuating wildly at low-intermediate temperatures. This has a strange result for heating CO2 in a heat exchanger. As energy is transferred from a hot CO2 stream to a cold…
…to be transferred. You see this in the charts below, which plots the PV-TS plot for a Brayton cycle heat engine that harnesses net work via moving heat from a…
District heating supplies residential or commercial consumers with centrally generated heat, waste heat from power generation (combined heat and power) or from other industrial processes. Capturing waste heat lowers CO2-intensity….
…heat exchangers, which can be more efficient but more expensive than plate fin heat exchangers. Our model assumes 87% net efficiency transferring coldness from the refrigerant into the LNG stream….
Engines convert heat into work. They are governed by thermodynamics. This note is not a 1,000 page textbook. The goal is to explain different thermodynamic cycles and heat engines, simply,…
This data-file captures the economics of an Organic Rankine Cycle engine to recover low-grade waste heat (at 70-200ºC) from an industrial facility, or in the geothermal industry. A CO2 price…
This data-file models the costs of home heating technologies, such as boilers and heat pumps, as well as their CO2 intensities. Specifically, oil-fired furnaces, gas boilers, electric heaters and electrically-powered…
…work where there is minimal operational disruption. Ideally, there may also be an energy saving for electrifying and demand-shifting a process (examples below). https://thundersaidenergy.com/downloads/industrial-heating-technologies-an-overview/ Who is best placed? The ideal…
…of AI data-centers requires 150GW-th of data-center cooling. Hence the data-center cooling market is summarized on page 2. The commercial cooling industry hinges on industrial HVAC, across heat exchangers, water…
The purpose of this data-file is to aggregate and clean data into the energy and electricity consumption of 180,000 US industrial facilities, according to key sectors such as refineries, chemicals,…