the research consultancy for energy technologies
…air separation units are aggregated in the data-file, but a good average is around $200/Tpa of oxygen capacity. Energy consumption of air separation units is also estimated in the data-file,…
Over $100bn pa of industrial gases and $5-6bn pa of cryogenic air separation plants are produced each year. This data-file is a screen of leading industrial gas companies and cryogenic…
Cryogenic air separation is used to produce 400MTpa of oxygen, plus pure nitrogen and argon; for steel, metals, ammonia, wind-solar inputs, semiconductor, blue hydrogen and Allam cycle oxy-combustion. Hence this…
…looking to use PSA for air separations, instead of cryogenics. Energy costs can be materially lower, and flexibility to backstop renewables can be materially higher, versus incumbent air separation technologies…
…does not occur naturally: it needs to be separated out of air, overcoming the entropy of mixing, using air separation technology. So in our analysis, our thermodynamic minimum (i) adds…
…a fixed power facility. Hence “a major problem … is how to minimize the additional weight and space required by air separation components” in, say, a car. (2) Storing CO2…
…alternative approach that avoids introducing air/nitrogen into the combustion process, instead re-circulating exhaust gases, and then adding pure oxygen from an air separation unit or swing adsorption plant. Hence the…
…20% oxygen fraction from air in a cryogenic air separation unit average $100/ton using 300kWh/ton of electricity (model here). If you have a concentrated CO2 stream (e.g., 10-40%) then cryogenics…
…chains, naphtha cracking, air separation, hydrogen production, chemical separations, CO2 separation, ammonia synthesis, nitric acid, methanol, formaldehyde, chlor-alkali, acetylene et al. Can you use green hydrogen to decarbonize polyurethane? Substituting…
…efficiency of LNG transport. This can also help cryogenic air separation. Boiling Points of Different Gases According to the Clausius Clapeyron Relationship Density of CO2: strange properties? The Density of…