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Wind and solar capacity additions?
Global wind and solar capacity additions reached 630GW pa (AC-basis) in 2025, which is 3x 2020 levels and 10x 2011 levels. The pace of gross wind and solar capacity additions can rise by a further 3x by 2050, bringing wind and solar to 55% of a greatly expanded global power grid by 2050. Most of…
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Flexible data centers: can AI load shift?
It can take 4-12 years to expand the grid and accommodate large new AI data centers. But what if more flexible data centers could be energized mostly via the pre-existing grid? This 15-page report shows how flexible AI data centers, which engage in demand shifting, are technically feasible, economically justified, and accelerating?
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LNG bunkering vessel economics?
This data-file captures the economics of LNG bunkering vessels. LNG bunkering costs $1/mcf in well-utilized contexts, enabling LNG ship fueling at $8-10/mcf, which is 35% below $2/gal oil products at $70/bbl oil. A 1.5-year payback on dual-fuel vessels could thus see another 10MTpa of LNG used in shipping by 2030, displacing 250kbpd of oil?
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Oil tankers: the economics?
Oil tanker economics are captured in this model. A VLCC that carries 2.2Mbbls requiring a day rate of $100k/day to earn a 7-10% IRR, which equates to $2/bbl on cargoes moving from the Persian Gulf to China. Capex costs, fuel uses, engine sizes and other costs correlate with vessel size. The costs of oil tankers…
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Qatari LNG: the worst supply disruption in LNG history?
What if Qatar’s LNG output falls by -50% YoY in 2026, i.e., by -40MTpa, which is equivalent to a -0.4% reduction in useful global energy supplies? This 11-page report revisits all of our regional energy models, predicts how each Qatari LNG customer will fill the shortfall, and the implications for global energy markets.
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Global LNG supply model: by project and by country?
Global LNG output ran at 417MTpa in 2025. This model estimates global LNG production by facility across 150 LNG facilities. Our latest forecasts are that global LNG demand will rise at a 6% CAGR, to reach 750MTpa by 2035, for an absolute growth rate of +30MTpa per year. But there is a construction boom underway.
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Electric ships: worse things have happened at sea?
Over 15% of the world’s marine vessels could electrify in the next decade, accelerated by higher oil prices, and as Europe/Asia seek self-sufficiency. This 16-page report explores leading concepts, 30 flagship deployments to-date, the economics, and the implications for companies/commodity markets.
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Electric ships: costs and case studies?
Over 1,000 electric ships have now been deployed globally. Mostly small-scale. This data-file profiles 30 case studies of electric ships (on the examples tab) and compares the costs of large electric ships against 20,000 TEU container vessels that would otherwise be fueled by marine diesel.
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Fiber optic data transmission costs?
The costs of fiber optic data transmission run at $0.25/TB per 1,000km in order to earn a 10% IRR on constructing a link with $120 per meter capex costs. Capex is 85% of the total cost. This data fiber breaks down the costs of fiber optic data transmission from first principles, across capex, utilization, electricity…
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Counter-drone: can the Strait of Hormuz be re-opened?
Is it possible to re-open shipping in the Strait of Hormuz, and protect broader Persian Gulf energy infrastructure, from thousands of Iranian Shahed drones? Today’s 9-page report reviews Shahed drones, counter-Unmanned Aerial Systems (cUAS), and implications across global energy markets.
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