Written Research
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Flexible data centers: can AI load shift?
It can take 4-12 years to expand the grid and accommodate large new AI data centers. But what if more flexible data centers could be energized mostly via the pre-existing grid? This 15-page report shows how flexible AI data centers, which engage in demand shifting, are technically feasible, economically justified, and accelerating?
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Qatari LNG: the worst supply disruption in LNG history?
What if Qatar’s LNG output falls by -50% YoY in 2026, i.e., by -40MTpa, which is equivalent to a -0.4% reduction in useful global energy supplies? This 11-page report revisits all of our regional energy models, predicts how each Qatari LNG customer will fill the shortfall, and the implications for global energy markets.
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Electric ships: worse things have happened at sea?
Over 15% of the world’s marine vessels could electrify in the next decade, accelerated by higher oil prices, and as Europe/Asia seek self-sufficiency. This 16-page report explores leading concepts, 30 flagship deployments to-date, the economics, and the implications for companies/commodity markets.
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Counter-drone: can the Strait of Hormuz be re-opened?
Is it possible to re-open shipping in the Strait of Hormuz, and protect broader Persian Gulf energy infrastructure, from thousands of Iranian Shahed drones? Today’s 9-page report reviews Shahed drones, counter-Unmanned Aerial Systems (cUAS), and implications across global energy markets.
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US electricity demand growth: anywhere from 1-3%?
US electricity demand growth is a crucial debate. It affects everything. To bound the uncertainty, we assessed twenty input variables, and ran a Monte Carlo, in this 16-page report. Our new base case sees +2.0% pa demand growth to 2035. Our 90% confidence interval is 1-3% pa. What implications for gas and power?
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Gallium nitride: GaN mentality?
Gallium Nitride (GaN) is a remarkable semiconductor. GaN forms a 2-Dimension Electron Gas (2DEG), with exceptional electron mobility, which supports high switching frequency, improved power quality, 50-70% lower losses and 50-70% smaller devices. It is thus a crucial enabler for large AI racks. This 13-page report reviews the technology, device costs, and future market drivers.
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Data centers in space: the final frontier model?
Data centers in space are a cool science fiction concept. This 17-page report explores how they would work. We think the costs will be 2x higher than Earth-based AI data centers. Amidst many logistical challenges, the biggest potential show-stopper is space debris, given the size of the structures, especially their solar arrays.
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Gas turbine manufacturing: eliminative materialism?
Can we model the supply and demand for gas turbines? This 21-page report presents our attempt. We ultimately see gas turbine manufacturing expansions outpacing demand growth. AI is also helping to expand. However, ‘accelerated orders’ may have distorted order books in 2025.
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Dynamic line ratings: can AI debottleneck the grid?
The carrying capacity of the power grid is not fixed, but varies with wind speeds and ambient temperatures. AI is now helping to enable Dynamic Line Ratings, unlocking 10-100%+ more capacity on some lines, effectively for free. This 18-page report explores the implications. Could DLRs avoid $100-300bn pa in future global grid capex, and thus…
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Circular economy: is AI a game changer?
10 companies have recently launched AI-enabled robotics to recover value from the world’s 2.3GTpa of solid waste. Picking rates are 4x faster than humans. c1-year paybacks are quoted. Hence today’s 17-page report explores the implications for gas, power, metals, materials and oil markets, amidst a step-change in the circular economy.
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